Québec
is the largest province in Canada by area and borders Ontario,
New Brunswick and Newfoundland (Labrador was attributed to Newfoundland
in 1927 by the British Privy Council). The territory of Québec
represents 15.5% of the surface area of Canada and totals 1.5
million km2. This is equal to the size of France, Germany and
Spain combined. The province also neighbours on 4 American states:
Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont and New York.
The province of Québec is composed
of 3 main geological regions: the St Lawrence River valley,
the Canadian Shield and the Appalachian region. The St Lawrence
River Valley is the most fertile and developed region. The majority
of the population of Québec lives here, mainly between Montréal
and Québec City. The Canadian Shield covers most of Québec territory
from approximately 80 km north of the St Lawrence River valley
up to the Ungava region. It is a vast region composed of thousands
of lakes and thousands of square kilometres of forested area.
On the south bank of the St Lawrence River, between the Richelieu
River and the Gaspé peninsula, is the Québec part of the Appalachian
mountain chain which extends from Gaspé south to Alabama.