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 New Brunswick     Gov. of New Brunswick website  
New Brunswick is one of 3 provinces collectively known as the "Maritimes." Joined to Nova Scotia by the narrow Chignecto Isthmus and separated from Prince Edward Island by the Northumberland Strait, New Brunswick forms the land bridge linking this region to continental North America. It is bounded in the north by Québec and in the west by the US (Maine), and its history has often been influenced by the activities of these powerful neighbours. Successively part of an Algonquian cultural area, of French Acadia and of British Nova Scotia, it achieved separate colonial status only after the arrival of Loyalist refugees from the American Revolution.
In 1784 the British divided Nova Scotia at the Chignecto Isthmus, naming the west and north portion New Brunswick after the German duchy of Brunswick-Lunenburg, which was also ruled at the time by King George III of England. New Brunswick was one of the 4 original provinces, its entry being essential to confederation. Its influence declined sharply with the rise of the West and the central cities; yet it has survived a series of economic crises to develop progressive communities with enviable lifestyles. The return of Acadians expelled during the Seven Years' War (1756-63) and the immigration of francophones from Québec created tensions between the 2 language groups. The trend in recent years has been toward tolerance and an increasing acceptance of duality in public institutions. New Brunswick is now the only officially bilingual province in Canada.  

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